「經濟人類學專題討論」課程大綱（2006.9─2007.1.）

黃應貴

本課程將以一學期的上課時間，討論經濟人類學理論的發展。重點將放在經濟人類學如何成為一個人類學重要的分枝，以及不同的人類學理論，如功\能論、文化論、結構馬克斯理論、政治經濟學、文化經濟學等，對於「經濟」、「理性」等基本概念的看法，及其之間的對話與轉化，並由非西方資本主義經濟的研究來探討資本主義經濟以外的其他經濟之可能性。由於被研究的對象多為西方資本主義經濟影響下的非西方社會，我們也將討論不同理論用於不同文化區所能呈現其社會文化特色的有效性，以及各文化的獨特性又如何刺激人類學家思考有關「經濟」的本質及資本主義經濟以外的其他經濟之可能性等問題。也因此，整個課程實也是以「經濟」為切入點，來討論人類學一般性理論及知識的問題。換言之，我們將透過一個分枝的探討，來處理及瞭解「經濟」的「本質」及整個人類學知識的性質。而上課的同學都必須每一個星期大約讀一本主要的經濟人類學經典著作(書頁數較多者，時間則延長為兩星期)或等份量的論文（即書目中有打「*」號著均必須讀），並寫下五頁以內的讀書報告。學期末再交一份正式的「研究」報告。

一般教科書：
Ensminger, Jean(ed.)
2002 Theory in Economic Anthropology.
Gudeman, S.
2001 The Anthropology of Economy: Community, Market, and Culture.
Halperin, R.H.
1994 Cultural Economies: Past and Present.
LeClair, E.E. & H.K.Schneider(eds.)
1968 Economic Anthropology.
Narotzky, S.
1997 New Directions in Economic Anthropology.
Seddon, D.(ed.)
1978 Relations of Production: Marxist Approaches to Economic Anthropology.
Wilk, R.R.
1996 Economies & Cultures: Foundations of Economic Anthropology.

1.九月二十一日
導論

2.九月二十八日
什麼是經濟？都是馬凌諾斯基所惹的禍。
Malinowski, B.
*1922 Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An Account of Native Enterprise and
Adventure in the Archipelagoes of Melanesian New Guinea.
Ellen, Roy; et al. (eds.)
1988 Malinowski between Two Worlds: The Polish Roots of an Anthropological
Tradition.
Evans-Pritchard, E.E.
1981 A History of Anthropological Thought.
Firth, Raymond(ed.)
1957 Man and Culture: An Evaluation of the Work of Malinowski.
Hatch, E.
1973 Theories of Man & Culture.
Paluch, Andrzej K.
1981 The Polish Background to Malinowski’s Work, Man 16(2):276-285.
Tambiah, S.
1968 The Magical Power of Words, Man 3(2):175-208.
黃應貴
1994 從田野工作談人類學家與被研究者的關係。山海文化雙月刊 6：
18-26.

3.十月五日
實質論與形式論的爭辯：由西方資本主義經濟的瞭解所發展出的理論與概念，是否可適用於所有人類社會？相對於該爭辯，牟斯的禮物經濟又有何挑戰？
Polanyi, K.
*1968[1958] The economy as an instituted process. in E.LeClair & N.Schneider
(eds.) Economic Anthropology, pp.122-143.
1944 The Great Transformation: the Political and Economic Origins of Our
Time.
Dalton, G.
*1968[1961] Economic theory and primitive society. in E.LeClair &
N.Schneider (eds.) Economic Anthropology, pp.143-167.
Burling, R.
*1968[1962] Maximization theories and the study of economic anthropology. in
E. LeClair & N.Schneider (eds.) Economic Anthropology, pp.168-187.
LeClair, E.E.
*1968[1962] Economic theory and economic anthropology. in E.LeClair &
N.Schneider (eds.) Economic Anthropology, pp. 187-207.
Cook, S.
*1968[1966] The obsolete anti-market mentality. in L. LeClair & N.Schneider
(eds.) Economic Anthropology, pp.208-228.
Mauss, M.
*1990[1950] The Gift: the Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies.
黃應貴
1974 Tiv與Siane經濟：經濟人類學的實質論派與形式論派之比較。中央
研究院民族學研究所集刊35:145-162.
1992 關於交換與社會的象徵起源：牟斯。黃應貴主編，見證與詮釋：當
代人類學家，頁52-83。台北：正中書局。
Gregory, C. A.
1982 Gifts and Commodities.
James, W. & N. J. Allen(eds.)
1998 Marcel Mauss: A Centenary Tribute.
Jenkins, T.
1998 Derrida’s Reading of Mauss. Marecl Mauss, eds. W. James & J. Allen; pp.
83-94.
Parry, Jonathan
1986 The Gift, the Indian Gift and the ‘Indian Gift’. Man 21:453-73.
Polanyi, K., et al. (eds.)
1957 Trade & Market in the Early Empires.
Sahlins, M.
1976 Culture and Practical Reason.

4.十月十二日
世界性資本主義經濟發展下的經濟成展與發展：社會文化是阻礙還是助力？
Sharp, L.
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G.Dalton (ed.) Tribal and Peasant Economies, pp.123-135.
Geertz, C.
*1963 Peddlers and Princes.
1960 The Religion of Java.
1963 Agricultural Involution: The Processes of Ecological Change in Indonesia.
1967[1962] Social change and economic modernization in two Indonesian
towns. in G.Dalton (ed.) Tribal and Peasant Economies, pp.366-394.
1968 Islam Observed: Religious Development in Morocco and Indonesia.
1980 Negara: The Theatre State in Nineteenth-century Bali.
1983 Local Knowledge: Further Essays in Interpretive Anthropology.
1988 Works and Lives: The Anthropologist as Author.
2002 An Inconstant Profession: The Anthropological Life in Interesting Times.
Annual Review of Anthropology 31:1-19.
Ortner, S.B.(ed.)
1999 The Fate if “Culture”: Geertz and Beyond.
Knauft, B. M.
1996 Genealogies for the Present in Cultural Anthropology.
Weber, Max
1976 The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism.

5.十月十九日
農民經濟是否為獨立於資本主義經濟以外的經濟？
Chayanov, A.V.
*1966 The Theory of Peasant Economy.
Foster, G. M.
1962 Traditional Cultures: And the Impact of Technological Changae.
1967 Peasant Society and the Image of Limited Good. In Peasant Society: A
Reader, J.M.Potter; et al. (eds.) pp.300-323.
Goody, Jack
1983 The Development of the Family and Marriage in Europe.
Holmberg, A. R.
1971 Vicos: A Peasant Hacienda Community. In Economic Development and
Social Change: The Modernization of Village Communities, G. Dalton (ed.)
pp.518-555.
Mintz, S.
1953 The Folk-Urban Continuum and the Rural Proletarian Community.
American Journal of Sociology 34:139-143.
1973 A Note on the Definition of Peasantries. The Journal of Peasant Studies
1(1):91-106.
1979 The Rural Proletariat and the Problem of the Rural Proletarian
Consciousness. In Peasants and Proletarians, R. Cohen; et al. (eds.)
pp.173-197.
Potter, J. M., et al. (eds.)
1967 Peasant Society: A Reader.
Redfield, Robert
1965 The Little Community /Peasant Society and Culture.
Steward, Julian H. et al.
1956 The People of Puerto Rico.
Wolf, E.R.
1966 Peasants.

6.十月二十六日
經濟的「本質」是「自然的」？還是「道德的」？
Polanyi, K.
*1957 Aristotle discovers the economy. in K.Polanyi; C.Marensberg &
H. W.Pearson (eds.) Trade & Market in the Early Empires, pp.64-94.
Sahlins, M.
*1972 The Domestic Mode of Production. in M.Sahlins Stone Age Economics,
pp. 41-148.
Thompson, E.P.
*1993 The moral economy of the English crowd in the eighteenth century. in
E.P.Thompson Customs in Common, pp.185-258.
1993 Introduction: Custom and Culture. In Customs in Common, E.P.Thompson,
pp.1-15.
Brown, Michael F.
1996 On Resisting Resistance. American Anthropologist 98(4):729-49.
D’Andrade, R. & N. Scheper-Hughes
1996 Objectivity and Militancy: A Debate. Current Anthropology 36:399-440.
Huang, P. C. C.(黃宗智)
1985 The Peasant Economy and Social Change in North China.
Ortner, S. B.
1995 Resistance and the Problem of Ethnographic Refusal. Comparative Study of
Society and History 37:173-93.
Popkin, S. L.
1979 The Rational Peasant: the Political Economy of Rural Society in Vietnam.
Scott, J.C.
1976 The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in
Southeast Asia.
1985 Weapons of the Weak: the Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance.

7.十一月九日
馬克思的經濟理論如何用來解釋前資本主義社會的經濟？
Godelier, M.
*1972 Rationality and Irrationality in Economics.
1977 The Concept of ‘Social and Economic Formation’: the Inca Example. In
Perspectives in Marxist Anthropology, M.Godelier, pp.63-69.
1978 The Concept of the ‘Asiatic Mode of Production’ and Marxist Models of
Social Evolution. In Relations of Production: Marxist Approaches to
Economic Anthropology, D.Seddon, ed. Pp.209-57.
1986 The Mental and the Material.
1986 The Making of Great Men: Male Domination and Power among the New
Guniea Baruya.
1999 The Enigma of the Gift.
馬克思
*1975 《資本論》，第一卷，第一章 商品。
Baudrillard, Jean
1975 The Mirror of Production.
Bloch, M.
1986 From Blessing to Violence: History, Ideology in the Circumcision Ritual of
the Merina of Madagascar.
Bourdieu, P.
1991 Language & Symbolica Power.
Comaroff, Jean & John
1991 Of Revelation and Revolution: Christianity, Colonialism, and
Consciousness in South Africa. Vol. 1.
Eves, R.
1991 Ideology, Gender, and Resistance: A Critical Analysis of Godelier’s Theory
of Ideology. Dialectical Anthropology 16:109-124.
Frank, A.G.
1969 Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America: Historical Studies of
Chile and Brazil.
Friedrich, P.
1989 Language, Ideology, and Political Economy. American Anthropologist
91(2):295-312.
Gal, S.
1989 Language and Political Economy. Annual Review of Anthropology
18:345-67.
Hart, Keith
1983 The Contribution of Marxism to Economic Anthropology. In Economic
Anthropology, S.Ortiz, ed. Pp.105-44.
Wallerstein, I.
1974 The Modern World-system.
1979 The Capitalist World-economy.
Rossi, Ino
1983 From the Sociology of Symbols to the Sociology of Signs: Toward a
Dialectical Sociology.

8.十一月十六日
馬克思理論如何解釋前資本主義社會間的差異性及其形成？
Coquery-Vidrovitch, C.
*1978 Research on an African mode of production. in D.Seddon (ed.) Relations
of Production, pp.261-288.
Meillassoux, C.
*1973 On the mode of production of the hunting band. in P.Alexander (ed.)
French Perspectives in African Studies, pp. 187-203.
*1978 The economy in agricultural self-sustaining societies: a preliminary
analysis. in D.Seddon (ed.) Relations of Production, pp. 127-157.
*1978 The social organization of the peasantry: the economic basis of kinship. in
D. Seddon (ed.) Relations of Production, pp.159-169.
1971 Maidens, Meals and Money: Capitalism and the Domestic Community.
Terry, E.
*1974 Long-distance exchange and the formation of the state: the case of the
Abron Kingdom of Gyaman. Economy and Society 3(3):313-345.
*1975 Class and class consciousness in an Abron Kingdom of Gyaman. in
M. Bloch (ed.) Marxist Analysis and Social Anthropology, pp.35-105.
*1978 Event, structure and history: the formation of the Kingdom of Gyaman. in
J. Friedman & M.J.Rowlands (eds.) The Evolution of Social System, pp.
279-301.
1972 Marxism and “Primitive Societies”.
Bloch, M.
1983 Marxism and Anthropology.
1983 Property and the End of Affinity. In Marxist Analyses and Social
Anthropology, M.Bloch, ed. Pp.203-22.
1986 From Blessing to Violence: History, Ideology in the Circumcision Ritual of
the Merina of Madagascar.
Foster-Carter, A.
1978 Can We Articulate ‘Articulation’? In The New Economic Anthropology,
J.Clammer, ed. Pp.210-249.
Scott, A. M.(ed.)
1986 Rethinking Petty Commodity Production. Social Analysis 20

9.十一月三十日
在全球性資本主義經濟體系的結構下，自成一格的文化是否仍有其獨特而具有意義的作用與機制？
Wolf, E.
*1982 Europe and the People Without History.
1990 Distinguished Lecture:Facing Power---Old Insights, New Questions. A. A.
92:586-96.
1999 Anthropology among Powers. Social Anthropology 7(2):121-34.
1999 Envisioning Power: Ideologies of Dominance and Crisis.
2001 Pathways of Power: Building an Anthropology of the Modern World.
Sahlins, M.
*1994[1988] Cosmologies of capitalism: the trans-Pacific sector of the world
system. A Reader in Contemporary Social Theory, N.B.Dirks, G.Eley &
S.B.Ortner (eds.), pp.412-455.
Abbink, J. & H. Vermeulen (eds.)
1992 History and Culture: Essays on the Work of Eric R. Wolf.
Asad, Talal
1987 Are There Histories of Peoples Without Europe? A Review Article.
Comparative Studies of Society and History 29(3):594-607.
Nash, June
1981 Ethnograhic Aspects of the World Capitalist System. Annual Review of
Anthropology 10:393-423.
Schneider, J. & P. Schneider
1976 Culture and Political Economy in Western Sicily.
Schneider, J. & R. Rapp(eds.)
1995 Articulating Hidden Histories: Exploring the Influence of Eric R. Wolf.

10.十二月七日
被研究者如何依其文化來認識及對待外來的資本主義之經濟力量？
Taussig, M.
*1980 The Devil and Commodity Fetishism in South America.
Sallnow, M.J.
*1989 Precious metals in the Andean moral economy. Money & the Morality of
Exchange, J. Parry & M. Bloch (eds.). pp.209-231.
Harris, O.
*1989 The earth ad the state: the sources and meanings of money in Northern
Potosi, Bolivia. Money & the Morality of Exchange, J. Parry & M. Bloch
(eds.). pp.232-268.

11.十二月十四日
經濟有如文化？
Gudeman, S.
*1986 Economics as Culture.
黃應貴
*1993作物、經濟與社會：東埔社布農人的例子。中央研究院民族學研究
所集刊75：133─169.
Benedict, R.
1959[1934] Patterns of Culture.
Cancian, F.
1965 Economics and Prestige in a Maya Community.
Nash, M.
1958 Machine Age Maya.
Robben, A.C.G.M.
1989 Sons of the Sea Goddess: Economic Practice and Discursive Conflict in
Brazil.
Sahlins, M.
1976 Culture and Practical Reason.
Smith, W.R.
1977 The Fiesta System and Economic Change.
Wilk, R.R.
1996 Economies & Cultures: Foundations of Economic Anthropology.

12.十二月二十一日
如何由「物」自身來看待經濟性質的改變？
Mintz, S.
*1985 Sweetness and Power: the Place of Sugar in Modern History.
1989 “The Sensation of Moving, While Standing Still”, American Ethnologist
16(1):786-796.
Appadurai, A.
*1986 Introduction: commodities and the politics of value. In A. Appadurai(ed.)
The Social Life of Things, pp.3-63.
Kopytoff, I.
*1986 The cultural biography of things: commoditization as process. In A.
Appadurai(ed.) The Social Life of Things, pp64-91.
Taussig, M.
1989 “History as Commodity: In Some Recent American (Anthropological)
Literature”, Critique of Anthropology 9(1):7-23.
Mintz, S. & E. Wolf
1989 “Reply to Michael Taussig”, Critique of Anthropology 9(1):25-31.

13.十二月二十八日
如何由物質文化及消費而非由生產或交易來瞭解經濟？
Miller, D.
*1987 Material Culture and Mass Consumption.
*1995 Consumption Studies as the Transformation of Anthropology.
Acknowledging Consumption: A Review of New Studies, D.Miller, ed.
Pp.264-295.
1998 A Theory of Shopping.
Ingold, T.
2000 “Making Culture and Weaving the World”, Matter, Materiality and
Modern World, P.M.Graves-Brown, ed. Pp.50-71.
Weiss, Brad
1996 The Making and Unmaking of the Haya Lived World.

14.元月四日
工作（而非勞力）與情緒是否可能成為探討經濟本質的新著手點？
Fajans, Jane
*1997 They Make Themselves: Work and Play among the Baining of Papua New
Guniea.
黃應貴
*2002 跋：社群研究的文化思考。陳文德、黃應貴（合編）「社群」研究的
省思，頁359─369。或黃應貴，人類學的視野，頁1-10.
*2002 關於情緒人類學發展的一些見解：兼評台灣當前有關情緒與文化的
研究。黃應貴，人類學的評論，頁341-376。
Sahlins, M.
1972 The Original Affluent Society. In M.Sahlins Stone Age Economics, pp. 1-
39.
Thompson, E.P.
1993[1967] Time, work-discipline and industrial capitalism. In E.P.Thompson
Customs in Common, pp.352-403.
Bourdieu, P.
1990 The Logic of Practice. pp.200-227.
Joyce, P.
1987 The historical meanings of work. In P.Joyce (ed.) The Historical
Meanings of Work, pp.1-30.
Elias, N.
1978 The Civilizing Process, Vol.1: The History of Manners.
1982 The Civilizng Process, Vol.2: State Formation & Civilization.
Reddy, William M.
1984 The Rise of Market Culture: The Textile Trade and French Society,
1750-1900.
2001 The Navigation of Feeling: A Framework for the History of Emotions.
Stearns, C.Z. & P.N.Stearns
1986 Anger: The Struggle for Emotional Control in American History.

15.元月十八日
是經濟？還是生活方式？
Simmel, Georg
*1990 The Philosophy of Money.
黃應貴
*2004 物的認識與創新：以東埔社布農人的新作物為例。黃應貴主編，物
與物質文化，頁379-448.
*2006 農村社會的崩解？當代台灣農村新發展的啟示。黃應貴，人類學的
視野，頁175-191.